Biology- History of Vaccination summary
The first person who first introduced vaccination to the world is an English physician, Edward Jenner. Through his experience as a physician, he began to realize that people who got cow pox did not get infected to smallpox.
Cow pox and smallpox is from the same family, and when a person who already had been infected to cow pox gets infected to smallpox, as the body does not see smallpox as an unknown disease, the person will not get smallpox.
In May 1796 AD, Jenner met a young dairy maid, Sarah Nelmes who had fresh cowpox lesions on her arm. He used the cow pox virus that she had and inoculated it to James Phipps, an eight-year-old son of his garder. For few days, the boy had some fever, and two months later, Jenner inoculated the boy again with fresh smallpox lesion, and the boy did not get the disease.
Jenner further did is research and used cow pox virus to several more people and repeatedly inoculated smallpox, which proved that they were immune to smallpox.
Through this study, Jenner invented the smallpox vaccination.
While variolation, which was first introduced in 1022 AD in southern China, used actual smallpox virus to people, in vaccination, people were treated with cow pox that was less dangerous than smallpox virus.
In 1840, England, variolation was prohibited and vaccination was accepted, which we still use it as a technique to prevent being infected to diseases.